1)Intsingiselo yokukhutshwa kwamalungu e-auto kuyabonakala
Iimoto ngokubanzi zenziwe ngeenkqubo ze-injini, iinkqubo zothumelo, iinkqubo zokuqhuba, njl njl. Inkqubo nganye yenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamacandelo abandakanyekayo ekuhlanganiseni isithuthi esipheleleyo, kunye neenkcukacha kunye neentlobo zeendawo zemoto zeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli nazo zahlukile.Ngokwahlukileyo omnye komnye, kunzima ukwenza imveliso yomgangatho omkhulu.Njengomdlali obalaseleyo kwishishini, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwabo kwemveliso kunye nenzuzo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye banciphise uxinzelelo lwabo lwezemali, ii-OEMs ze-auto ziye zahlutha ngokuthe ngcembe iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo kunye namacandelo kwaye zanikezela kubavelisi bamacandelo aphezulu ukuze baxhase imveliso.

2) Ulwahlulo lwabasebenzi kwishishini lamalungu emoto lucacile, lubonisa iimpawu zobungcali kunye nesikali
Ishishini lezahlulo zemoto lineempawu zolwahlulo lwamanqanaba ngamanqanaba omsebenzi.Ikhonkco lokubonelela ngeendawo zeauto zahlulwe ikakhulu zababoneleli benqanaba lokuqala, lesibini, kunye nelesithathu ngokwesakhiwo sephiramidi "yamacandelo, amacandelo, kunye neendibano zenkqubo".Ababoneleli beTier-1 banamandla okuthatha inxaxheba kwindibaniselwano ye-R&D yee-OEMs kwaye banokhuphiswano olomeleleyo olupheleleyo.Ababoneleli be-Tier-2 kunye ne-Tier-3 ngokubanzi bagxila kwizinto eziphathekayo, iinkqubo zemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.Ababoneleli ngeTier-2 kunye neTier-3 bakhuphisana kakhulu.Kuyimfuneko ukulahla ukhuphiswano olulinganayo ngokunyusa i-R&D ukunyusa ixabiso elongezelelweyo leemveliso kunye nokuphucula iimveliso.

Njengoko indima yee-OEMs itshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kwimveliso ehlanganisiweyo enkulu kunye nebanzi kunye nemodeli yokuhlanganisa ukugxila kwi-R&D kunye noyilo lweeprojekthi zemoto ezipheleleyo, indima yabavelisi bezixhobo zemoto iye yanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kumenzi osulungekileyo ukuya kuphuhliso oludibeneyo kunye nee-OEMs. .Iimfuno zefektri zophuhliso kunye nemveliso.Ngaphantsi kwemvelaphi yolwahlulo olukhethekileyo lwabasebenzi, ishishini elikhethekileyo kunye nelikhulu elikhulu lokwenziwa kwezixhobo zemoto liya kusekwa ngokuthe ngcembe.

3)Amalungu e-Auto athande ukuba luphuhliso olukhaphukhaphu
A. Ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwenza ukuba ukukhanya komzimba kube yinto engenakuthintelwa kuphuhliso lweemoto eziqhelekileyo.

Ukusabela kwikhwelo lokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, amazwe ahlukeneyo akhuphe imimiselo malunga nemigangatho yokusetyenziswa kwamafutha kwizithuthi zabakhweli.Ngokwemigaqo yoMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi lweRiphabhlikhi yaBantu belizwe lethu, umndilili wokusetyenziswa kwepetroli kwiimoto zabakhweli eTshayina uya kuthotywa ukusuka kwi-6.9L/100km ngo-2015 ukuya kwi-5L/100km ngo-2020, ukuhla kwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-27.5%;I-EU ithathe indawo yokuzithandela ye-CO2 ngokusebenzisa iindlela zomthetho ezisisinyanzelo Isivumelwano sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezithuthi ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha esithuthi kunye neemfuno zomda we-CO2 kunye neenkqubo zokuleyibhela ngaphakathi kwe-EU;I-United States ikhuphe i-light-duty-duty fuel fuel economy kunye nemimiselo yokukhutshwa kwe-greenhouse gas, efuna i-avareji yoqoqosho lwe-fuel ye-US ye-light-duty vehicles ukufikelela kwi-56.2mpg kwi-2025.

Ngokutsho kwedatha efanelekileyo ye-International Aluminium Association, ubunzima bezithuthi zepetroli buhambelana ngokufanelekileyo nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha.Kwi-100kg nganye yokunciphisa ubunzima besithuthi, malunga ne-0.6L yepetroli ingagcinwa nge-100 yeekhilomitha, kwaye i-800-900g ye-CO2 inokwehliswa.Izithuthi zemveli zikhaphukhaphu kubunzima bomzimba.I-Quantification yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokugcina amandla kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngoku, kwaye ibe yinto engenakuthintelwa kuphuhliso loshishino lweemoto.

B.Uluhlu lokuhamba ngeenqwelo ezitsha zamandla lukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi kobuchwephesha obulula
Ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwezithuthi zombane, uluhlu lokuhamba ngenqanawa luseyinto ebalulekileyo ethintela ukuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zombane.Ngokutsho kwedatha efanelekileyo evela kwi-International Aluminium Association, ubunzima bezithuthi zombane buhambelana ngokufanelekileyo nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.Ukongeza kumandla kunye nokuxinana kwezinto zebhetri yamandla, ubunzima besithuthi siphela yinto ephambili echaphazela ukuhamba kwesithuthi sombane.Ukuba ubunzima besithuthi sombane esicocekileyo siyancitshiswa nge-10kg, uluhlu lokuhamba ngenqanawa lunokunyuswa nge-2.5km.Ngoko ke, ukuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zombane kwimeko entsha kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokukhanya.

I-alloy ye-C.Aluminiyam inexabiso eliphezulu elipheleleyo lokusebenza kwaye yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwiimoto ezikhaphukhaphu.
Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokuphumeza ukukhanya: ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu, uyilo olulula kunye nokuveliswa okulula.Ngokombono wezinto eziphathekayo, izinto ezilula kakhulu ziquka i-aluminium alloys, i-magnesium alloys, i-carbon fibers kunye neentsimbi eziphezulu.Ngokubhekiselele kwisiphumo sokunciphisa ubunzima, i-high-high-high-steel-aluminium alloy-magnesium alloy-carbon fiber ibonisa umkhwa wokunyusa umphumo wokunciphisa ubunzima;ngokubhekiselele kwindleko, i-high-power-steel-aluminium alloy-magnesium alloy-carbon fiber ibonisa indlela yokunyusa iindleko.Phakathi kwezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu kwiimoto, iindleko ezibanzi zokusebenza kwe-aluminium alloy iphezulu kunentsimbi, i-magnesium, iiplastiki kunye nezixhobo ezidibeneyo, kwaye ineenzuzo zokuthelekisa ngokwetekhnoloji yesicelo, ukhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe.Izibalo zibonisa ukuba kwimarike yezinto ezikhaphukhaphu ngo-2020, i-aluminiyam i-akhawunti ye-alloy ephezulu ukuya kuma-64%, kwaye okwangoku yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu.